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Brighton & Hove through the ages

Explore the history of Brighton & Hove with this brilliant interactive timeline. Click to discover the changing face of Brighton, from 447AD to present day

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1864
Brighton Grand Hotel build complete

The Grand was the first truly exclusive hotel in Brighton, designed by architect John Whichord. It was built in 1862-64, ostensibly for the upper classes that visited Brighton when it became a fashionable resort. Its imposing fascia is an amalgam of grandiose Italian renaissance and classic Victorian architecture.

1861
The population of Brighton is 77,693

By 1861 Brighton was approximately the 15th largest town in England and Wales.

1844
London to Brighton railway opens

The opening of the London to Brighton railway made the journey cheap and easy. It also brought a massive influx of tourists from a very different social background from traditional high society. The new tourists were middle- or lower-class trippers from the South of London.

1823
Royal Suspension Chain Pier built
Royal Suspension Chain Pier built

Generally known as the Chain Pier, it was designed by Captain Samuel Brown. The pier was primarily intended as a landing stage for packet boats to Dieppe, France, but it also featured a small number of attractions including a camera obscura. An esplanade with an entrance toll-booth controlled access to

1818
Regency Square is built
Regency Square Brighton Sussex

British city of Brighton and Hove. Conceived by speculative developer Joshua Hanson as Brighton underwent its rapid transformation from fishing village to fashionable resort, the three-sided “set piece” of around 70 houses and associated structures was designed and built over a ten-year period by Brighton’s most important Regency-era architects: the

1806
Royal Pavilion construction complete
Brighton-Pavilion

In 1783 George Prince of Wales visited the Duke of Cumberland, in 1785 he married Miss Fitzherbert. By 1806 his ultimate indulgence, the transformation of a rural farmhouse into the ornate Royal Pavilion was complete. It was built in three campaigns, beginning in 1787, as a seaside retreat for George,

1780
Transformation from small fishing village to urban conurbation begins
Brighton-fishing-village-transformation

The population grew rapidly due to Dr Russell’s “sea water cure” (the belief that a dip in the cold sea has very therapeutic qualities). Several nobles took the cure and became enamoured enough of the area to build houses.

1580
Brighton has a population of around 2,500. It has 80 fishing vessels.

By 1580, Beorthelm’s Tun, became a thriving small town with around 2,500 residents. The modern day name, Brighton, was first seen in records dating back to 1660.

1514
French raiders attacked the village of Brighthelmstone
French raiders attacked the village of Brighthelmstone

Fleet of French raiders attacked the village of Brighthelmstone, burning almost every building to the ground. Read more

0447
Early habitation in Brighton (est. 447 – 457)
Early habitation in Brighton (est. 447 – 457)

The earliest sign of habitation is a flint dagger discovered in the chalk cliffs. It is believed to date back about 250,000 years. Located on Whitehawk hill overlooking Brighton racetrack is the remains of a Neolithic “causeway camp” of the New Stone Age. The Romans came, saw, conquered, built roads

Sources: For a full list of references used in the creation of this piece of content, please click here

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